“my foot dropsy fiercely, doctor lets me little drink water, then how much water my one day can drink?”
“heard the nephrosis not to be able to eat the salt, was my taste quite heavy, how does not have the flavor thing to let me eat?”
“the chronic renopathy patient requests the low protein diet, how much protein every day can that take in is `is low '?”
The patient who gets sick regarding the chronic kidney illness says, “ate” has become the daily headache topic, how to achieve unifies own condition, tried to find out a set of appropriate own diet rule? “eats anything” and “how eats” to become especially important! How to achieve the scientific diet? Guangdong Province Chinese medicine hospital nephrosis faculty's doctor in charge Gao Yanxiang thought: “the chronic kidney illness sickness patient is not does not have may eat, but did not know how to eat. Actually, if has mastered the method, may eat good very much equally, eats very much richly!”
So-called “knows oneself and the other side, is undefeated in many battles”, the chronic kidney illness sickness patient before considering “eats anything”, must first understand what oneself need is anything, their diet have what kind of characteristic. Overall, to guarantee that organism has the enough nutrition, and must reduce the urea nitrogen the origin, at present the chronic kidney illness sickness patient's basic diet principle is the high quantity of heat, the high quality protein and the low phosphorus diet.
First, energy: Said that the body weight judges in vivo energy whether to attain a designated standard
In daily feed's numerous foods, food can provide the energy, the protein, the fat and the mineral substance and so on, thus the maintain life, guarantees in vivo each organ's normal work.
The chronic renopathy patient takes in every day demand for energy how many? Doctor in charge Gao Yanxiang said: “took the chronic kidney patient, each kilogram standard body weight requested 30-35 kilocalorie quantity of heats. For example, a height 163cm masculine patient, he needs how many are the quantity of heat? Using the formula (height - 100) x 30, then calculated that Cheng Zheiwei the patient approximately needs 1890 kilocalorie quantity of heats every day.”
How to monitor the daily energy to take in whether reasonable? The chronic renopathy patient may lay aside a body weight scale in oneself bathroom, after every morning bowel movement, the empty stomach few clothes carry on the weighing, and gives the record, if in two weeks the body weight does not have the sweeping change continuously, then explained that these two weeks, the patient to own energy's intaking is reasonable. If the body weight increases obviously heavily, presents dropsy, then explained that in vivo the moisture content are excessively many; If the body weight reduces obviously, then possible to prompt the energy which the patient diet provides to be insufficient to resist the consumption the hot card.
The chronic renopathy patient requests the low protein diet, how to guarantee in the daily diet both to achieve “the low protein”, and achieves “the full energy”? Doctor in charge Gao Yanxiang recommends three section of foods: The lotus root starch, the wheat starch and the almond frost, these foods actually may not provide the high quantity of heat nearly including the protein.
Warm prompt: The standard body weight's computational method men and women are able to discriminate, in ordinary circumstances, masculine standard body weight = “height (cm)-100”, feminine standard body weight = “height (cm)-102”.
Second, protein: According to nephrosis by stages right amount supplement high quality protein
The protein divides into two kinds, one kind is the animal protein, another kind is the albumen. It is well known, the chronic renopathy patient requests the low protein diet, for can supplement that in vivo protein needs, does not increase the kidney burden, the patient in takes in the protein mainly by the animal protein (i.e. high quality protein) primarily, for example egg, lean meat, milk, fish and so on. It is noteworthy that in the chronic renopathy patient “the low protein” in the diet, the high quality protein must account for above 55%.
Generally said that food includes the how much protein, what refers to is this food lives in the heavy situation to include the how much protein. Take the daily staple food as the example, 100 grams rice including the protein 8 grams, 100 grams lean meat including the protein 18 grams, 100 grams bean curds including 9 grams protein, 250 milliliters milks including the protein 8 grams, 60 grams eggs contain the protein 8 grams
How to monitor the daily protein to take in whether reasonable? Chronic renopathy patient “low protein” diet by no means “across-the-board ruling”. The protein amount of radiation needs to formulate according to the patient own kidney function extent of damage, the principle is “the chronic renopathy 1-3 issue of patients, request each kilogram standard body weight takes in the protein 0.75 gram every day; And the chronic renopathy 4-5 issues have not entered the dialysis the patient, request each kilogram standard body weight takes in the protein 0.6 gram every day”.
For better according to own condition formulation reasonable diet plan, the chronic renopathy patient must understand clearly which one issue he does belong to chronic renopathy. Doctor in charge Gao Yanxiang pointed out: “the chronic renopathy is mainly by stages divides according to the patient renal glomerulus filtering coefficient, if the renal glomerulus filtering coefficient is bigger than 90 milliliters/minutes, belongs to one issue; Is situated between 60-90 milliliters/minutes, belongs to two issues; Is situated between 30-60 milliliters/minutes, belongs to three issues; Is situated between 15-30 milliliters/minutes, belongs to four issues; 15 milliliter/minute below belongs to five issues.”It is noteworthy that no matter in which time, if simultaneously needs to supplement essential amino acids treatment the patient, the daily protein's amount of radiation should limit in 20 grams.
Third, fat: how do 20 gram oil's cooking manage?
After the clinical observation, discovered that the chronic renopathy patient can merge the blood fats unusuality, like hyperlipemia and so on. In order to reduce the blood fats the markup, advocated that the choice edible vegetable oil, and guaranteed every day takes in oil control about 20 grams. Suggested that the stir-fried dish with the sunflower seed oil, the cold food in sauce uses the olive oil, every other 1-2 months on replacement cooking oil variety.
But regarding already presented the blood fats high patient, doctor in charge Gao Yanxiang reminds: “this kind of patient takes in every day the oil mass should control below 20 grams.”Some chronic renopathy patient expresses regarding this accepts with difficulty, few do the so oils, how prepare food? Doctor in charge Gao Yanxiang proposed: The cooking way multi-changes, reduce the stir-fried dish as far as possible, the use steam, boil and so on means.
Fourth, mineral substance: how do 3 gram salt's taste buds move?
As the saying goes “opens the door seven matters, the daily necessities basic kitchen necessities tea”, if will eat the salt too few to cause in vivo to measure including the sodium excessively lowly, easy to appear has a poor appetite, the four limbs will be incapable, dizzy and so on phenomena. But, the chronic renopathy patient to accepts the amount of radiation has the request, generally speaking, the sodium amount of radiation should according to the blood pressure, dropsy and 24 hour amount of urine decides. Then, how much salts can the chronic renopathy patient every day take in?
Doctor in charge Gao Yanxiang reminds specially: “many people possibly knew that the daily table salt cannot surpass 6 grams, but many people possibly have also misunderstood this `6 grams '. Here said the `6 grams ' not all refer to salty the net weight, because in ours daily diet, even if we prepare food cook food do not put the salt, in food already approximately included 3 grams salts. Therefore, we eat every day the salt can only have 3 grams actually.”
The salt is “kings of the hundred taste”, if does not have the salty participation, the delicacies of every kind are tasteless. How to let the chronic renopathy patient inside the salt find the delicacy in “3 grams”? Doctor in charge Gao Yanxiang introduces several practical small skills specially - -
Skill one: Compression method
The daily eat three meals a day, not necessarily wants each meal to have the salty participation, for instance the breakfast, may sip gruel, drink the milk. Such words, the lunch and the supper may use 3 grams salts to enjoy. If uses in 3 grams salts the stir-fried dish, speaking of the taste heavy patient, will think possibly the taste to be pale, then may adopt “moistens the salty law”. When cooking food does not put blends flavors, will limit the quantity the salt in the dish, eats the vegetable abundantly time moistens is eating. Such words may meet the tip of tongue taste bud's needs most directly, will not eat food the excess salt.
Skill two: Interchange method
Some chronic renopathy patient possibly thought that above “the compression method” the comparison attacks own appetite, also oneself thought that eats meal is a specially suffering from injustice matter, that may attempt “the interchange method”. What so-called “the interchange method” refers to is the salt which every day may eat food replaces into the soy sauce. In the ordinary circumstances, 1 gram salty =5 milliliter soy sauce, 3 grams salts may replace into 15 milliliters soy sauce. Such words, but says from the vision or the sense of taste, both may alleviate the patient protosalt diet the resistance, and may achieve the protosalt diet truly.
Warm prompt: Pickles the product including the sodium quantity is very high, like the salty 焗 chicken, the cured meat, the pot are prime, regarding this kind of food, the chronic renopathy patient should achieve the dietary restriction; Inside the daily seasoning's chicken essence, the monosodium glutamate and so on, prepare food time also as far as possible do not use; The weather transfers coolly, the hot pot also one after another appears in people's dinner table, but regarding the chronic renopathy patient, the hot pot seasoning, the sweet sauce, the hot sauce and so on, is hundred evils does not have an advantage. Regarding the non-diabetes' chronic renopathy patient, may attempt with the sugar, the vinegar, the onion garlic, the coriander and so on takes the seasoner, lets own dining flavor be richer.
Fifth, origin of life: How much milliliters water can you drink?
Regarding the chronic renopathy patient, “the water” is a good thing by no means that but actually lacks may not. Once had an uncle in the outpatient service place to ask doctor worriedly: “I the very strict control potable water had already measured, has drunk every day little many, compared to before has been short half quantity, why also presents dropsy?”Yes, many patients possibly have such question - - me to know that cannot drink too many water, but how many drinks to be only then appropriate? The person daily family activity said that was one day wants eight big water, my 4 big cups suffices?
Doctor in charge Gao Yanxiang said: “in chronic renopathy patient one day of diet the complete moisture content was equal to that the preceding day of amount of urine adds on 500 milliliters. For example a feminine patient she the preceding day of amount of urine is 500 milliliters, then her this day may take in the moisture content is 1000 milliliters. What but needs to pay attention, 1000 milliliters are not the water which refers to her to be possible to drink, she may drink how many are the water? Needs to use 1000 milliliters to subtract the moisture content which one day of food contains, is left over is the water which in popular significance's `may drink '.”
The milk includes the moisture content, the vegetables includes the moisture content, the fruit includes the moisture content ......How to know usually eats food how much moisture contents in food already included? Following some data may let the chronic renopathy patient make the reference: Vegetables water content 90%, yogurt, ice cream water content 80%, rice, potato water content 70%, steamed bun water content about 30%.
This formula calculated according to “the complete moisture content = preceding day of amount of urine +500 milliliters” that rejects inside food the water content, the conversion gets down the water which every day can drink is again quite limited. The patient who drinks water regarding some easy thirsty or the custom says, how to achieve does not exceed the quota drinks water? Doctor in charge Gao Yanxiang introduces several practical small skills specially - -
Skill one: Fixed drinking glass
The chronic renopathy patient first needs to find out own situation, understood that oneself one day may supplement the how much moisture contents, then rejects in approximately the diet food water content, determined that oneself one day can drink the how much water. Then acts according to the water volume which one can drink, every day places quota Shui Sheng the fixed vessel, and drinks with the fixed drinking glass, do not toss down, should the right amount time sharing section drink.
Skill two: Including ice piece
The chronic renopathy patient after determining oneself can drink water volume, if the condition permission, the partial water will manufacture the ice piece, thirsty time may take a scrap including Yu Kou, a piece may relieve thirst, two piece of satisfied psychology.
Skill three: Chews the sugar-free chewing gum
The mastication may promote the saliva secretion, in the control water volume takes in the process, the chronic renopathy patient will frequently possibly think thirstily, may right amount chew the sugar-free chewing gum, will alleviate the thirsty feeling.
Skill four: Little eats the prepared food to work
Eats the prepared food frequently the human knew, after having eaten the prepared food, always felt that the mouth easy to do, likes drinking water. Therefore, the chronic renopathy patient should little eat the prepared food. Moreover, the practice proved that is idling the human likes compared to the busy person drinking water, therefore, as far as possible not by oneself extremely in idle, works on own initiative the rich life.
Regarding the chronic renopathy patient, the treatment and the recuperation are the two pay equal attention to, the health grasps actually in own hand, only then understands itself, carries on the treatment and the recuperation according to own actual situation, can postpone the kidney failure the footsteps, can be advantageous to kidney's recovery.
“knowledge” and “line” the distance is very big, the chronic renopathy patient only has the health care consciousness, even also understands various health care method, but if carries out not relentlessly carries out, that is still “is an armchair strategist”! How better control own diet? Doctor in charge Gao Yanxiang thought: “must first find out own diet rule, whether then wants the specialized judgment this rule reasonable science, like this can play the instruction role.”In order to confirm that own diet rule is whether scientific, except may see from a time body function's response performance, may also the self-made daily diet table, then ask specialist to give the judgment and the suggestion.
Guangdong Province Chinese medicine hospital nephrosis faculty's doctor in charge Gao Yanxiang reminds the chronic renopathy patient: In order to let specialist find out own diet situation clearly, before suggestion seeing a doctor, a self-made daily diet table. This daily diet table needs to include the feed time, food name, food to live, information heavily and so on cooking method; Moreover, when manufactures this daily diet table needs to pay attention to, the time which continues takes at least for three days, moreover including one day of holiday, one day of ordinary day, such procedure is for the three-dimensional record daily diet structure, facilitates doctor to the diet situation appraisal and the suggestion.
